HEXADECIMAL COLOUR

A hex triplet is a six-digit, three-byte hexadecimal number used in HTML, CSS, SVG, and other computing applications, to represent colors. The bytes represent the red, green and blue components of the color. One byte represents a number in the range 00 to FF (in hexadecimal notation), or 0 to 255 in decimal notation. This represents the least (0) to the most (255) intensity of each of the color components. The hex triplet is formed by concatenating three bytes in hexadecimal notation, in the following order:

Byte 1: red value (color type red)

Byte 2: green value (color type green)

Byte 3: blue value (color type blue)

:  #000000

For example, consider the color where the red/green/blue values are decimal numbers: red=36, green=104, blue=160 (a greyish-blue color). The decimal numbers 36, 104 and 160 are equivalent to the hexadecimal numbers 24, 68 and A0 respectively. The hex triplet is obtained by concatenating the 6 hexadecimal digits together, 2468A0 in this example.

Note that if any one of the three color values is less than 16 (decimal) or 10 (hex), it must be represented with a leading zero so that the triplet always has exactly six digits. For example, the decimal triplet 4, 8, 16 would be represented by the hex digits 04, 08, 10, forming the hex triplet 040810.

The number of colors that can be represented by this system is

An abbreviated, three (hexadecimal) digit form is sometimes used.^[5] Expanding this form to the six-digit form is as simple as doubling each digit: 09C becomes 0099CC. This allows each color value to cover its full range from 00 to FF. The three-digit form is described in the CSS specification, not in HTML. As a result, the three digit form in an attribute other than "style" is not interpreted as a valid color in some browsers.^{[citation needed]}

[edit]Converting RGB to hexadecimal

Converting a decimal RGB value to a hexadecimal value is fairly straightforward. RGB values are usually given in the 0-255 range; if they are in the 0-1 range, the values are multiplied by 255 before conversion. This number divided by 16 (integer division; ignoring any remainder) gives us the first hexadecimal digit (between 0 and F, where the letters A to F represent the numbers 10 to 15. See hexadecimal for more details). The remainder gives us the second hexadecimal digit. For instance the RGB value 201 divides into 12 groups of 16, thus the first digit is C. A remainder of 9 gives us the hexadecimal number C9. This process is repeated for each of the three color values. Most modern operating systems have a built-in calculator to perform conversions between number bases and this can also be done with some hand-held calculators. This task can also be carried out using various web resources.^[6]

Color	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal	Color	Hexadecimal
aqua	#00FFFF	gray (grey)	#808080	navy	#000080	silver	#C0C0C0
black	#000000	green	#008000	olive	#808000	teal	#008080
blue	#0000FF	lime	#00FF00	purple	#800080	white	#FFFFFF
fuchsia	#FF00FF	maroon	#800000	red	#FF0000	yellow	#FFFF00

HTML name Hex code R   G   B Decimal code R   G   B Red colors IndianRed CD 5C 5C 205  92  92 LightCoral F0 80 80 240 128 128 Salmon FA 80 72 250 128 114 DarkSalmon E9 96 7A 233 150 122 LightSalmon FF A0 7A 255 160 122 Crimson DC 14 3C 220  20  60 Red FF 00 00 255   0   0 FireBrick B2 22 22 178  34  34 DarkRed 8B 00 00 139   0   0 Pink colors Pink FF C0 CB 255 192 203 LightPink FF B6 C1 255 182 193 HotPink FF 69 B4 255 105 180 DeepPink FF 14 93 255  20 147 MediumVioletRed C7 15 85 199  21 133 PaleVioletRed DB 70 93 219 112 147 Orange colors LightSalmon FF A0 7A 255 160 122 Coral FF 7F 50 255 127  80 Tomato FF 63 47 255  99  71 OrangeRed FF 45 00 255  69   0 DarkOrange FF 8C 00 255 140   0 Orange FF A5 00 255 165   0 Yellow colors Gold FF D7 00 255 215   0 Yellow FF FF 00 255 255   0 LightYellow FF FF E0 255 255 224 LemonChiffon FF FA CD 255 250 205 LightGoldenrodYellow FA FA D2 250 250 210 PapayaWhip FF EF D5 255 239 213 Moccasin FF E4 B5 255 228 181 PeachPuff FF DA B9 255 218 185 PaleGoldenrod EE E8 AA 238 232 170 Khaki F0 E6 8C 240 230 140 DarkKhaki BD B7 6B 189 183 107 Purple colors Lavender E6 E6 FA 230 230 250 Thistle D8 BF D8 216 191 216 Plum DD A0 DD 221 160 221 Violet EE 82 EE 238 130 238 Orchid DA 70 D6 218 112 214 Fuchsia FF 00 FF 255   0 255 Magenta FF 00 FF 255   0 255 MediumOrchid BA 55 D3 186  85 211 MediumPurple 93 70 DB 147 112 219 Amethyst 99 66 CC 153 102 204 BlueViolet 8A 2B E2 138  43 226 DarkViolet 94 00 D3 148   0 211 DarkOrchid 99 32 CC 153  50 204 DarkMagenta 8B 00 8B 139   0 139 Purple 80 00 80 128   0 128 Indigo 4B 00 82  75   0 130 SlateBlue 6A 5A CD 106  90 205 DarkSlateBlue 48 3D 8B  72  61 139 MediumSlateBlue 7B 68 EE 123 104 238

HTML name Hex code R   G   B Decimal code R   G   B Green colors GreenYellow AD FF 2F 173 255  47 Chartreuse 7F FF 00 127 255   0 LawnGreen 7C FC 00 124 252   0 Lime 00 FF 00   0 255   0 LimeGreen 32 CD 32  50 205  50 PaleGreen 98 FB 98 152 251 152 LightGreen 90 EE 90 144 238 144 MediumSpringGreen 00 FA 9A   0 250 154 SpringGreen 00 FF 7F   0 255 127 MediumSeaGreen 3C B3 71  60 179 113 SeaGreen 2E 8B 57  46 139  87 ForestGreen 22 8B 22  34 139  34 Green 00 80 00   0 128   0 DarkGreen 00 64 00   0 100   0 YellowGreen 9A CD 32 154 205  50 OliveDrab 6B 8E 23 107 142  35 Olive 80 80 00 128 128   0 DarkOliveGreen 55 6B 2F  85 107  47 MediumAquamarine 66 CD AA 102 205 170 DarkSeaGreen 8F BC 8F 143 188 143 LightSeaGreen 20 B2 AA  32 178 170 DarkCyan 00 8B 8B   0 139 139 Teal 00 80 80   0 128 128 Blue colors Aqua 00 FF FF   0 255 255 Cyan 00 FF FF   0 255 255 LightCyan E0 FF FF 224 255 255 PaleTurquoise AF EE EE 175 238 238 Aquamarine 7F FF D4 127 255 212 Turquoise 40 E0 D0  64 224 208 MediumTurquoise 48 D1 CC  72 209 204 DarkTurquoise 00 CE D1   0 206 209 CadetBlue 5F 9E A0  95 158 160 SteelBlue 46 82 B4  70 130 180 LightSteelBlue B0 C4 DE 176 196 222 PowderBlue B0 E0 E6 176 224 230 LightBlue AD D8 E6 173 216 230 SkyBlue 87 CE EB 135 206 235 LightSkyBlue 87 CE FA 135 206 250 DeepSkyBlue 00 BF FF   0 191 255 DodgerBlue 1E 90 FF  30 144 255 CornflowerBlue 64 95 ED 100 149 237 MediumSlateBlue 7B 68 EE 123 104 238 RoyalBlue 41 69 E1  65 105 225 Blue 00 00 FF   0   0 255 MediumBlue 00 00 CD   0   0 205 DarkBlue 00 00 8B   0   0 139 Navy 00 00 80   0   0 128 MidnightBlue 19 19 70  25  25 112

HTML name Hex code R   G   B Decimal code R   G   B Brown colors Cornsilk FF F8 DC 255 248 220 BlanchedAlmond FF EB CD 255 235 205 Bisque FF E4 C4 255 228 196 NavajoWhite FF DE AD 255 222 173 Wheat F5 DE B3 245 222 179 BurlyWood DE B8 87 222 184 135 Tan D2 B4 8C 210 180 140 RosyBrown BC 8F 8F 188 143 143 SandyBrown F4 A4 60 244 164  96 Goldenrod DA A5 20 218 165  32 DarkGoldenrod B8 86 0B 184 134  11 Peru CD 85 3F 205 133  63 Chocolate D2 69 1E 210 105  30 SaddleBrown 8B 45 13 139  69  19 Sienna A0 52 2D 160  82  45 Brown A5 2A 2A 165  42  42 Maroon 80 00 00 128   0   0 White colors White FF FF FF 255 255 255 Snow FF FA FA 255 250 250 Honeydew F0 FF F0 240 255 240 MintCream F5 FF FA 245 255 250 Azure F0 FF FF 240 255 255 AliceBlue F0 F8 FF 240 248 255 GhostWhite F8 F8 FF 248 248 255 WhiteSmoke F5 F5 F5 245 245 245 Seashell FF F5 EE 255 245 238 Beige F5 F5 DC 245 245 220 OldLace FD F5 E6 253 245 230 FloralWhite FF FA F0 255 250 240 Ivory FF FF F0 255 255 240 AntiqueWhite FA EB D7 250 235 215 Linen FA F0 E6 250 240 230 LavenderBlush FF F0 F5 255 240 245 MistyRose FF E4 E1 255 228 225 Grey colors Gainsboro DC DC DC 220 220 220 LightGrey D3 D3 D3 211 211 211 Silver C0 C0 C0 192 192 192 DarkGray A9 A9 A9 169 169 169 Gray 80 80 80 128 128 128 DimGray 69 69 69 105 105 105 LightSlateGray 77 88 99 119 136 153 SlateGray 70 80 90 112 128 144 DarkSlateGray 2F 4F 4F  47  79  79 Black 00 00 00   0   0   0

This post has taught me how Hex code works for colour. But it does not tell me how the initial coding language works. Hexadecimal is a way of condensing numbers down but what else can it be used for? how is it made up? what is the history of the code? Is it used for anything else?